The net weight is generally the shipping weight from factory. GVW is
determined by basically frame, spring and tire capacity. Depending on
the model, sometimes it is not hard to safely increase it some. Not
blanket rule though

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Depends on the state and what type of registration it is. In NY it
generally means the wet weight of the vehicle with all fluids and a full
tank of fuel. Subtract that number from the GVWR and you get the payload
capacity of the vehicle.

GVWR is a difficult item. Start with the tires. springs, axle ratings,
frame type, lubricants used, engine/trans combo, how the computer is
programmed all play a part as do cooling systems and braking. For
instance one of Fords trucks gains something like 400 pounds capacity by
using a different rear end lube, BUT if you bought the lower rated truck
and added that oil to it that will not change the rating. You have to
take the vehicle in and have it certified IF you alter it for increased
ratings. Once you do that YOU become responsible for that rating.
For instance say you bought a GM 1/2 ton but then put all the running
gear from a 1 ton. Legally it still is a 1/2 ton. If you take it in and
get it inspected for the higher rating YOU now take the place of GM as
the vehicle builder. After that it gets interesting.

Steve W.