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Car Forum / Ford / Ford Mustang / October 2006

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water/methanol injection

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Ben Stiller - 30 Oct 2006 06:33 GMT
Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with #8
and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and when
engine gets heat soaked it pings above #1, takes a few hours at 95 or more.
(no bypass on compressor)

seems like an easy fix.  Use a stage 2 very, cut in about #3  and max at #8
but cut back so a whole lot doesn't get injected in.
I have the timing at 10, the standard.
.boB - 30 Oct 2006 21:01 GMT
> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with #8
> and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and when
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> but cut back so a whole lot doesn't get injected in.
> I have the timing at 10, the standard.

  Water/alcohol injection is used for two reason.  1. To get
every last little bit of performance on the drag strip.  2.  To
cover up a poor tune.

Signature

.boB
2006 FXDI hot rod
2001 Dodge Dakota QC 5.9/4x4/3.92
1966 Mustang Coupe - Daily Driver
1965 FFR Cobra -  427W EFI, Damn Fast.

Michael Johnson, PE - 30 Oct 2006 21:21 GMT
>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell
>> with #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside,
[quoted text clipped - 7 lines]
>   Water/alcohol injection is used for two reason.  1. To get every last
> little bit of performance on the drag strip.  2.  To cover up a poor tune.

Your #2 doesn't apply to a KB blown 302 engine.  There are no
intercooler options for this setup so water injection is the only
reasonable way to cool the intake air.  It doesn't cover up a poor tune.
 It allows you to run a more aggressive tune for a particular boost
level or just run more boost, period.

Also, water injection works very well on the street.  It isn't a "drag
strip only" modification.
.boB - 31 Oct 2006 02:57 GMT
>>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell
>>> with #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside,
[quoted text clipped - 17 lines]
> Also, water injection works very well on the street.  It isn't a "drag
> strip only" modification.

    You're telling me it's normal to have detonation at 5psi
under routine driving conditions?   And the only way to fix it is
with water injection?
    I've never owned a KB, but I have owned and driven other
forced induction applications.  8-10psi was normal before
detonation on those vehicles.

Signature

.boB
2006 FXDI hot rod
2001 Dodge Dakota QC 5.9/4x4/3.92
1966 Mustang Coupe - Daily Driver
1965 FFR Cobra -  427W EFI, Damn Fast.

Michael Johnson, PE - 31 Oct 2006 04:10 GMT
>>>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell
>>>> with #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above)
[quoted text clipped - 21 lines]
> routine driving conditions?   And the only way to fix it is with water
> injection?

Could be a poor tune, weather in his area, carbon buildup in the
chambers, inadequate fuel delivery etc.  Believe it or not the water
and/or alcohol injection can cure all these problems.  BTW, to me,
"normal" driving conditions are non-boost driving.  I assume he is
talking about detonation while under boost.  He can choose also to
retard his tune but that only gets you so far and is counter productive
to the reason the blower was installed.

I've two cars with forced induction that are otherwise identical need
two radically different tunes to prevent detonation.  I wouldn't
automatically assume he has a "bad" tune.  Maybe inadequate.

To be fair, you have a point.  He could probably fix his detonation
issue without W/A injection but the results might not be very rewarding.
 Also, the fact his KB does not have a bypass is likely the main reason
for his detonation at low boost pressure.  The bypass lets the blower
spin free under non-boost driving thus letting it stay cooler.  The
bypass feeds the engine air without the need for it to pass through the
blower.  Under boost the bypass closes and the blower provides boost to
the engine.  Without the bypass the blower is always compressing the
intake air under all driving conditions and this, in turn, heats up the
blower and the intake air.  It also makes the blower hotter when it
first delivers boost and only gets hotter the longer it is in a boost
condition.  Hot air causes detonation and requires timing to be retarded
a great deal.  So, in a way, water injection might be the only way for
him to successfully resolve the detonation problem at 5 psi with his
current setup and driving conditions.

>     I've never owned a KB, but I have owned and driven other forced
> induction applications.  8-10psi was normal before detonation on those
> vehicles.

The KBs are tougher to tune, IMO, than a centrifugal blown engine and
just a little harder than a turbo setup. The reason is that with a
centrifugal the rpm window of full boost conditions is relatively
narrow.  Low to mid rpm tuning can mostly be handled with the near stock
settings.  A KB provides full boost from idle to redline so tuning has
to occur throughout the entire rpm range and numerous engine load
conditions.  It really takes a tuner that has worked a lot with KB
setups to get it right.  Plus, without a bypass, it makes tuning the
engine that much harder.

With a KB, 6 psi is fairly detonation free but any more can bring on
problems and depending on the given engine and associated mods the
problems can be severe and difficult to resolve.  The KB kits for the
5.0L engines have no intercooler option due to their design.  KB hasn't
improved their kit for the 5.0L in over 15 years and any advances are
done at a grass roots level.  Me and several other KB users pioneered
the use of W/A injection for these kits 4-5 years ago and, in the
beginning, many laughed at us for trying and said it could never work.
When these people, including KB, started seeing boost levels that were
not seen before they finally took notice.  I personally ran 16 psi with
a tune I bought from Chris Johnson when I ran 8 psi.  That is how
effective water injection can be.

So in a way, W/A injection might be the only way the OP can solve some
of his issues.  The fact he is running his car in Texas without a bypass
makes it about the only option to running high boost for his setup in
the heat of the summer.  The only down side I encountered when running
water injection was the need to top off the bottle every 3-4 tanks of
gas but the cost of that was very cheap. ;)
.boB - 31 Oct 2006 08:22 GMT
>>     I've never owned a KB, but I have owned and driven other forced
>> induction applications.  8-10psi was normal before detonation on those
>> vehicles.
>
> The KBs are tougher to tune, IMO,

Thanx, Mike, that was very concise and iformative.  I had no idea
these set ups were so tough to tune.  The last turbo vehicle I
had was pretty easy to tune, ran 6-8psi on pump gas, and had a
boatload of torque.  And that was an air cooled V-twin (H-D).

I'v been reading nothing but good things about the KB over the
years.  Seems to be the hands down favorite for the 302.  But
since it's that difficult to tune, why are they so popular?
Sure, racers will go to any lengths to make an additional 5hp.
But the average street guy isn't usually so quick to do that.

Signature

.boB
2006 FXDI hot rod
2001 Dodge Dakota QC 5.9/4x4/3.92
1966 Mustang Coupe - Daily Driver
1965 FFR Cobra -  427W EFI, Damn Fast.

Michael Johnson, PE - 31 Oct 2006 17:41 GMT
>>>     I've never owned a KB, but I have owned and driven other forced
>>> induction applications.  8-10psi was normal before detonation on
[quoted text clipped - 6 lines]
> easy to tune, ran 6-8psi on pump gas, and had a boatload of torque.  And
> that was an air cooled V-twin (H-D).

Now that must have been a thrill ride. :)

> I'v been reading nothing but good things about the KB over the years.  
> Seems to be the hands down favorite for the 302.  But since it's that
> difficult to tune, why are they so popular? Sure, racers will go to any
> lengths to make an additional 5hp. But the average street guy isn't
> usually so quick to do that.

Maybe I stressed the term "hard to tune" a little too much.  They are
different and it takes someone that understands the power delivery of a
twin screw blower to get it right.  The reason I think most people would
prefer a twin screw over a centrifugal, and even a turbo to a lesser
extent, is the way it delivers power.  If you were put in a car with a
twin screw blower and couldn't hear the blower whine you would be very
hard pressed to tell if there was a blown smaller engine or a large
displacement V-8 under the hood.  There is absolutely no throttle lag,
big power surge like a centrifugal or turbo can create anywhere in the
rpm range.  You can also modulate the power very precisely with the
throttle just like you can with the large displacement V-8.

Basically, it is the torque curve that hooks most KB users.  I can be
rolling along in third gear at 2000 rpm and roll into the throttle and
it will immediately set me back in the seat and accelerate to redline in
a rush with absolutely no power lag or surge.  I can enjoy the
additional power from a KB in any gear and at any rpm.  This isn't true
for a centrifugal.  I guess the same kind of feel can be had from a
Root's blower but they are much less efficient than a twin screw.
Lastly, twin screws are as durable as Root's blowers and can typically
last the life of the engine.

As I mentioned elsewhere in this thread, the new KB kits for the 4.6L
engines are great.  KB has taken all the hassles out of installing and
running the blower.  They give you everything needed from new injectors,
fuel pump boosters, custom tuned chips etc. right in the box.  Plus, KB
really stands behind their products and R&Ds every kit they sell very
heavily.  They won't sell it until it is ready.  So all the above is why
I think the KB kits are so popular.
Ben Stiller - 31 Oct 2006 21:44 GMT
>>>>     I've never owned a KB, but I have owned and driven other forced
>>>> induction applications.  8-10psi was normal before detonation on those
[quoted text clipped - 44 lines]
> heavily.  They won't sell it until it is ready.  So all the above is why I
> think the KB kits are so popular.

I'm sold on KB,  the others all have to spin up, quite a delay till 4,000
rpm or more.
The KB in my  '93 5.0, I bought from a guy that parted out race cars from
North Houston, cheap in a box, and had lots of extra parts, some that did
not belong, wasn't new.
KB support helped me get one missing part, they were great, put a 5# pulley
on, but it still makes 8#.
But installing it was easy, fired up without any tuning, and would get
rubber all first, all second and part of third gear.
So I'm running 8# without retard, which is not recommended, but I just don't
slam on the gas hard, when hot.
stock computer, injectors, fuel pump, etc
The acceleration is really great, but is scary to most normal folks.
I don't want to put much money into the '93, save up for new mustang (if
they take off the stupid torque limiter) and KB blower.
So on the '93, low cost, I could put retard on, or water injection, and turn
on the WI in the summer time, drive till it drops.
Ben Stiller - 31 Oct 2006 06:48 GMT
>>>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with
>>>> #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and
[quoted text clipped - 23 lines]
> induction applications.  8-10psi was normal before detonation on those
> vehicles.

I bet it is carbon buildup, and also Heat Soak.
I did a compression check 10 years ago when I got the '93 car, and all
cylinders read the same in a narrow range (45 I think). It has 135K miles
now. Before that, I had a 5.0 '87 and did the compression check and two
cylinders were too high, about 60 and the rest varied around 45 was the
lowest (mileage was about 155K). So I sold that car and got the 93, so I
could put a supercharger on a good car. (Both cars are ex cop cars bought at
the auction, (about 95K) stiff suspension, rough ride, 87 was really fast).
I could do another compression check and find out.

When the '93 car is cold it can do 8#, no problem. It takes about a hour at
90 degrees and det starts at lower boost levels about 4-5. I drove the car
from Phoenix to Austin in the summer, 110 or so, and after 3 hours on the
road, it was det with just 2#, which really sucks, can't pass car much.

I have meter for Air Fuel ratio for both O2 sensors, and boost/vacuum meter,
and fuel pressure meter (45-50 then goes to 75-80 in boost, just one
step, ).
I could move timing from 10 to 8, but that looses HP all the time,  but with
water, should be OK.

There is a fuel regulator bypass unit that has an adjustment, it just
bypasses the fuel regulator and the fuel pressure goes up on the rails, and
more fuel goes in with standard 24 # injectors, and the computer adjusts the
width down on the injectors via the O2 sensor. (what I remember) That
adjustment did not seem critical, 10 years ago,  could  tune  that one.

Car is really fast in town, works great in winter time, no problems, but
summer over 85 degrees first hour is OK, then....
Have a 180 thermostat (second 180), new waterpump, could go to 160 and a
high volume pump, but the gains may be too small, this is the 3rd radiator
in the car, replaced original, the replacement did not cool as well, got a
more efficient one. Spark plugs are one range cooler, new fan clutch (well 5
years ago)

Can't find much to tune on the car, just the fuel regulator bypass, what
else can I tune?
Any other ideas, are welcome, I'm getting rusty at this stuff.
Michael Johnson, PE - 31 Oct 2006 07:36 GMT
>>>>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with
>>>>> #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and
[quoted text clipped - 61 lines]
> else can I tune?
> Any other ideas, are welcome, I'm getting rusty at this stuff.

Here are my suggestions.  First, you should get the car to a good tuner
and have a custom tune done using actual dyno runs to log the data.  If
you are using the stock computer alone then that might be your biggest
problem.  Do this after you have installed all the mods and are running
your ultimate boost level.  Some chips have multiple program settings so
you can have one for summer driving, one for winter and maybe one for
100+ octane fuel.  Second, seriously consider getting a bypass.  It does
wonders for reducing the heat soak in the blower case.  It you want to
do it right then get the Flowzilla manifolds from KB or buy them used.
It has a bypass and much better airflow and that alone will probably
gain you another 20-30 rwhp at the same boost level.  Third, if you want
to up the boost to double digits then do the water injection and get a
tune with it operating during the dyno runs.

It looks like you need to spend a lot of time tweaking the tune and
installing some further mods.  You might get by with just the custom
tune but if you want to run more boost than 5-6 psi then the bypass is
almost a requirement.  The W/A injection is a requirement, IMO, for
11-12 psi and above.

Another thing to remember that every time you increase the boost you
will need to spend more money to make the car reliable.  This means fuel
delivery upgrades, custom tuning, cooling sytem upgrades, transmission
swaps/upgrades etc.  It is a vicious circle.  I have completely replaced
the entire fuel system in my car, installed a T-56 tranny, use a TwEECer
for DIY tuning, J&S Safeguard timing retard, A/F meter, SMC alcohol
injection, rebuilt the rear end, upgraded the brakes and the list goes
on to include things I can't even remember.  This is why I am
simplifying matters with the 427W swap.  Don't get me wrong, there is
nothing like the torque generated by a KB on a 302 running at 16 psi.
It will give you a new benchmark for fantastic throttle response.  All
this though comes at a price and a high level of frustration for a 5.0L car.

The newer KB kits for the 4.6L Mustangs are light years ahead of our
kits.  They are complete, come with intercoolers, custom tunes and all
the fuel enhancement needed to support the hp levels.  Plus, they
deliver fantastic hp/psi numbers.  As you are finding out, us 5.0L guys
have to do all this on our own.
Michael Johnson, PE - 30 Oct 2006 21:17 GMT
> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with #8
> and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and when
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> but cut back so a whole lot doesn't get injected in.
> I have the timing at 10, the standard.

I have been running water and/or alcohol inject on my KB blown '89
Mustang for years.  In a nutshell, yes it works, and it works very well.
 My advice is to leave out the alcohol and just inject water.  It takes
very little water to cool the intake air temperatures.  Using water only
will not affect the air-fuel ratio and makes it easier to tune the
engine, IMO.  Also, gasoline has a higher specific energy and per unit
volume will generate more horsepower.  Additionally, water has a higher
heat of vaporization than alcohol so it is a more effective cooling liquid.

On a KB blown car it helps to make the "on" point of the spray both
boost AND rpm dependent.  This is due to the KBs providing full boost at
a very low rpm.  Spraying too much water at a low rpm can bog the engine
because the water volume is too great for the the limited air flow.  I
use this setup and find it works well on my car:
http://www.smcenterprises.com  I know the guy that owns SMC and he is
great to work with.  I don't hesitate to recommend him, and his product,
to anyone.  Just be sure to tell him you plan to run only water.  He
will use a pump that is designed for water.  Typically, the turbo Buick
guys run only alcohol so he uses a pump for them that will rust when
water is present.

Just to let you know how effective water injection can be, I ran 16 psi
with it and it worked very well.  The problem I had was that on a stock
302 block the heads would lift at this pressure and it made the engine
very prone to blowing head gaskets.  If I had a better block I don't
doubt that 16 psi, or more, is within reach.  I backed the boost down to
12 psi and am able to run a very aggressive tune for that level of
boost.  It will take a little patience to get the water injection dialed
in right but once you do you will love it.

One last thing, water injection can actually cool the intake air to
BELOW ambient temperature.  Try doing this with a standard air-air or
air-water intercooler. :)
Ben Stiller - 30 Oct 2006 22:07 GMT
>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with
>> #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and when
[quoted text clipped - 37 lines]
> ambient temperature.  Try doing this with a standard air-air or air-water
> intercooler. :)

about where are your spray-on set points, RPM and/or boost ?
like the RPM would have to be  about 1800 AND the boost would have to be
about 2# or greater?

I did some design work with cooling buildings with spray water/filters,
(upgraded type of swamp coolers) and I know it can cool down to within about
5 degrees of the due point, (up the humidity tto 85-95%) so in Texas summer
day it can be 100 degrees out, but the due point is at 73 degrees, so it can
cool down to about 78,  that is 22 degrees below ambient.   Phoenix is even
better.  Seems like water injection is just better than the intercoolers,
except one has to carry water tank, but that's easy.

found this out there too;
http://forums.nasioc.com/forums/archive/index.php/f-145.html
some of them little rice burners are running 22 pounds with water/alcohol
injection
Michael Johnson, PE - 30 Oct 2006 23:38 GMT
>>> Is this worth doing ? to a street 1993 5.0 supercharged Keene Bell with
>>> #8 and pings about #5 and above  when hot(80 and above) outside, and when
[quoted text clipped - 40 lines]
> like the RPM would have to be  about 1800 AND the boost would have to be
> about 2# or greater?

Mine is only boost dependent.  It will bog slightly.  My car has been
laid up for quite some time so I have never upgraded the control box.
My next step is a 427W engine swap.  I have run the KB for a long time
and want to go with a simpler more reliable setup.  The 427 cubic inches
should give me about all the torque i get from the KB.

> I did some design work with cooling buildings with spray water/filters,
> (upgraded type of swamp coolers) and I know it can cool down to within about
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> better.  Seems like water injection is just better than the intercoolers,
> except one has to carry water tank, but that's easy.

Just go easy on the water.  It doesn't take much at all.  Using more
than needed only robs power.  A quart bottle of water will last quite a
while.  When spraying alcohol the bottle will drain rather quickly.

> found this out there too;
> http://forums.nasioc.com/forums/archive/index.php/f-145.html
> some of them little rice burners are running 22 pounds with water/alcohol
> injection

Here's some links I have accumulated over the years:

http://www.turbobuick.com/messagebd
http://members.cox.net/stevemonroe/AlcoholInjMod.html
http://www.alkycontrol.com
http://www.tweecer.com/
http://www.carrollsupercharging.com/GI.html

Here's an absolutely wicked OEM computer replacement:

http://www.aempower.com/ViewProduct.aspx?ProductID=1103

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