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Car Forum / Pontiac / Pontiac Cars / February 2006

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Passlock I Hack?

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hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 22 Jun 2004 05:29 GMT
Hello, all, I have a friend who is working on a 1997 Pontiac Sunfire
with Passlock I that is causing us fits.  The symptoms are that it
won't start because, according to his Snap-On computer, the "Theft
deterrent" aka Passlock is shutting down the brain (killing crankshaft
and camshaft position sensor signals).  I have bypassed Passlock I &
II systems before for remote start by checking the resistance across
the lock cylinder with the key inserted and in the On position and
then splicing in a pack of resistors that closely approximate the
ignition switch's resistance but that has failed to fix this
particular vehicle.  The problem has been going on for sometime and
has gone on too long.  What I understand is that the instrument
cluster, where these wires from the ignition switch for Passlock
terminate, controls whether or not the brain fires the engine.  If
that is the case, there should be one wire that comes from the
instrument cluster that can be 1) cut, 2) tied to another wire, or 3)
run to battery positive or negative, to make the brain think the
system is always green-lighted by Passlock.  He changed the brain with
no luck, and even the instrument cluster (not understanding the
relationship between the brain, cluster, and ignition switch and how
it works as a system) with no luck.  I've tried both the original
instrument cluster and the other one but neither one works.  Can
anybody tell me how to do a low-level hack on this Passlock system,
please?  Since putting the correct resistance in the system hasn't
worked I am willing to strong-arm this POS by tinkering with the wires
coming from the back of the cluster.  :)

TIA

--HC
Neil Nelson - 22 Jun 2004 06:40 GMT
> Hello, all, I have a friend who is working on a 1997 Pontiac Sunfire
> with Passlock I that is causing us fits.  The symptoms are that it
[quoted text clipped - 21 lines]
> worked I am willing to strong-arm this POS by tinkering with the wires
> coming from the back of the cluster.  :)

Has your friend tried replacing the hall effect sensor* at the
inner end of the ignition lock cylinder?

*(being a hall effect sensor explains why merely installing a
fixed resistance in place in the circuit doesn't work)
To enable a start, the instrument cluster has to see the signal
from the hall effect sensor at the proper instant as the ignition
switch is being switched on.

Most of the major manufacturers of remote starter systems sell a
by-pass for the Passlock system.
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 22 Jun 2004 23:39 GMT
> > Hello, all, I have a friend who is working on a 1997 Pontiac Sunfire
> > with Passlock I that is causing us fits.  The symptoms are that it
[quoted text clipped - 33 lines]
> Most of the major manufacturers of remote starter systems sell a
> by-pass for the Passlock system.

Neil, thank you for your response.  My friend claims that the ignition
switch is designed in such a way that it cannot be re-installed (his
words, not mine).  The problem we've had with the ignition switch
seems to be that it's intermittent in showing the resistance value
across the yellow (key-side) to black (splice) wire.  I manually
inserted and left resistors inline between the yellow (cluster-side)
and the black wire splice and it doesn't work.  I have bypassed
Passlock II systems in a similar fashion, but what I did was to use a
relay to flip the resistance in and out depending on the start command
from the remote start system (too cheap and too impatient to wait for
a bypass module) and it worked.  The difference then would be that the
remote start only kicks that resistance in when it's trying to start
and leaving it out the rest of the time?  Would running these
resistors via a relay make the key difference?  That would mimic the
"bypass" modules I've seen in the past and the installs I've done that
worked successfully for remote start.

Still, since the Passlock system is, at this point, scrappable, we're
tempted just to cut a wire or splice a wire, or whatever, coming from
the back of the instrument cluster if it'll just make the darned thing
run.  :)

Thanks again for your time.

--HC
Neil Nelson - 23 Jun 2004 01:40 GMT
> Neil, thank you for your response.  My friend claims that the ignition
> switch is designed in such a way that it cannot be re-installed (his
> words, not mine).  

Odd considering that it's a known weak point and a frequent
repair.

> The problem we've had with the ignition switch
> seems to be that it's intermittent in showing the resistance value
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> from the remote start system (too cheap and too impatient to wait for
> a bypass module) and it worked.  

I'm familiar with building your own by-pass with resistors and a
couple of relays...

> The difference then would be that the
> remote start only kicks that resistance in when it's trying to start
> and leaving it out the rest of the time?  Would running these
> resistors via a relay make the key difference?  That would mimic the
> "bypass" modules I've seen in the past and the installs I've done that
> worked successfully for remote start.

It's all in the timing between the key on and when the hall
switch sends its signal to the cluster.

> Still, since the Passlock system is, at this point, scrappable, we're
> tempted just to cut a wire or splice a wire, or whatever, coming from
> the back of the instrument cluster if it'll just make the darned thing
> run.  :)

Were it that easy, it wouldn't be much of a theft deterrent,
would it?  The top of he dash comes off pretty fast allowing
access to the back of the cluster.
Another possibility would be a re-program of the PCM to not need
to recognize the anti-theft signal from the cluster.
Paradox - 23 Jun 2004 04:38 GMT
> Were it that easy, it wouldn't be much of a theft deterrent,
> would it?  The top of he dash comes off pretty fast allowing
> access to the back of the cluster.
> Another possibility would be a re-program of the PCM to not need
> to recognize the anti-theft signal from the cluster.

Yeah I think something upsteam more is messed up, its not the resistor in
the ignition switch, or any of the wiring, the problem probably lies with
the ECU not recognizing it anymore.
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 23 Jun 2004 16:07 GMT
> > Neil, thank you for your response.  My friend claims that the ignition
> > switch is designed in such a way that it cannot be re-installed (his
[quoted text clipped - 36 lines]
> Another possibility would be a re-program of the PCM to not need
> to recognize the anti-theft signal from the cluster.

Neil, thank you again for your information (and thanks to Paradox,
who's post is a level below this reply).  I'm going to try to go over
there today and put the resistance in line using a relay as opposed to
the way it's just hard-wired in place now because of what you had said
about the Hall effect switch.  What you say makes sense that leaving a
hard-wired resistance in there would not work, so I'm going to try
switching it in and out.

As for the hall-effect sensor, my friend can be very hard-headed and
isn't always right; I'll contact the dealer to ask them about it and
see what they say (not to question what you're saying but to find if
it's available and then maybe cajole a little guidance from them in
the manner of replacing the item).

Well, it still seemed like a sound idea; that you could disconnect or
otherwise disable the Passlock via a single wire from the instrument
cluster.  I realize this would be a single point of failure for the
Passlock, but I didn't consider the back of the cluster that
accessible.  No matter, how would a person "re-program the PCM to not
need the anti-theft from the cluster"?  That sounds like the most
promising piece (if it's fast and easy to do).

Thanks again for your help.

--HC
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 24 Jun 2004 02:25 GMT
> > > Neil, thank you for your response.  My friend claims that the ignition
> > > switch is designed in such a way that it cannot be re-installed (his
[quoted text clipped - 62 lines]
>
> --HC

As a follow up, I tried using a relay to only interject the resistance
when the key was in the crank position and it at least ran for a few
moments before Passlock (theft) shut it down.  :)  That's a step ahead
of where were, but still not all the way.  :(  I tried a pot and ran
resitances from 400 to 16,000 ohms, in roughly 100 ohm increments with
no luck (passlock would shut it down each time).  Supposedly,
according to my friend, you have to let the system "reset" for 10
minutes after a failed attempt and I didn't do that (I hit at least 50
different stages between 400 and 16,000 ohms and that would have been
almost 10 hours of waiting interspersed in there.  The ability to tell
the ECM to skip the Passlock "okay signal" seems to be our best hope.

--HC
Neil Nelson - 24 Jun 2004 04:05 GMT
> Neil, thank you again for your information (and thanks to Paradox,
> who's post is a level below this reply).  I'm going to try to go over
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> hard-wired resistance in there would not work, so I'm going to try
> switching it in and out.

This site shows how to build/wire the relays and resistors to
bypass passlock 1 and 2

http://www.e-z.net/~iei/vatts.htm

Going off of memory, all of the hall effects switches I've ohmed
out, all had the same value, don't recall what the ohmic value is
but if you can put an ohmeter on a working one, odds are that
value will work for your vehicle.

> As for the hall-effect sensor, my friend can be very hard-headed and
> isn't always right; I'll contact the dealer to ask them about it and
> see what they say (not to question what you're saying but to find if
> it's available and then maybe cajole a little guidance from them in
> the manner of replacing the item).

Got a friend/fellow shop owner in town here who's the same
way...;-)

> Well, it still seemed like a sound idea; that you could disconnect or
> otherwise disable the Passlock via a single wire from the instrument
[quoted text clipped - 3 lines]
> need the anti-theft from the cluster"?  That sounds like the most
> promising piece (if it's fast and easy to do).

One of the custom chip builders my have a way to re-program the
PCM, another option would be a PCM speced for an export vehicle.
In the old days of replaceable PROMs, one could just swap out the
PROM for one that didn't have an anti-theft feature.
Option three is to buy a by-pass from one of the remote starter
manufacturers, in a day or two + $30 and it's running.

> Thanks again for your help.

Glad to help.
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 25 Jun 2004 02:26 GMT
> > Neil, thank you again for your information (and thanks to Paradox,
> > who's post is a level below this reply).  I'm going to try to go over
[quoted text clipped - 41 lines]
>
> Glad to help.

Here are several sections to describe how I was able to achieve a fix
for a *presumed* faulty ignition switch.  Bear in mind that as time
wore on my attempts got more wild and were less documented, so don't
crucify me if some of this seems completely hoaky, I'm just passin' on
what worked in this case.

THE SHORT VERSION
I had hard wired the correct resistance between the Yellow and Black
wires but this failed to bypass Passlock 1.  Neil had suggested that
(via/because of a Hall effect switch) that the resistance was to be
put in to play at specific points during the ignition sequence:
Run-Crank-Run.  Accepting this I attempted a simple relay circuit as
I've used in the past to bypass Passlock systems which, as you've read
above, failed.  That was yesterday.  Today I hit it again and found
that I'm an idiot, I had wired the relay so that the resistance was
only in play during crank, not during run.  Switching the connections
on the relay so that the resistance was put into play *only* when the
switch was in the run position fixed the car.  It ran immediately (so,
no 10 minute "reset" timer, no run-off-run-off-run BS then let it sit
15 minutes, it ran immediately when the right resistance was put in
the circuit at the right time.  I then broke the connection between
the Yellow wire and the resistance, effectively disconnecting any
connection to the Yellow wire which then illuminated the Theft light,
but the car kept running.  Subsequent attempts to start the vehicle
without the resistance/relay circuit are *successful*, with the only
holdup being that the Theft light stays on constantly.  A T-15, 6 or 8
screws, and a soldering iron later...no LED for the theft on the
instrument cluster PCB, voila!, no Theft light.  Yes, a shade-tree
hack, but I live in the sticks and I don't have to put up with city
traffic, so there!  <grin>  No resistors, no relay, the car starts
fine everytime.

THE DETAILS:
I had put the damned resistors in line with the black/yellow wires,
but I had powered the relay with the crank wire in such a way that the
relay applied the resistance *only* in the *crank* position of the
ignition switch.  Stupid mistake, no excuses, just stupid.  I noticed
my error today, which meant that yesterday, using a Pot. to try
resistances from 400 to 16,000 ohms was *completely wasted time*.  I
put the resistance in place today correctly (the crank wire flips a
relay *removing* the resistance from the circuit, but at rest, the
resistance is in place) and the car ran immediately, no reset time
(none of that "leave the key on, door open, hold your breath, kiss
your sister, and scratch your left earlobe BS").  While it was running
my buddy asked me if the car would keep running if I removed the
resistance to which I replied that it would (based on a similar test
on a Passlock II system I had worked on).  I *disconnected the yellow*
wire from the circuit, effectively leaving it open *while the car was
running*.  He then claimed that I might not have fixed the problem
because sometimes a successful start will be repeated several times
even though the theft system is not properly cleared (BS, I thought,
but I didn't challenge him).  However, I then remembered a post I saw
online (via Deja) about a possible bypass for Passlock I (and maybe
II); the process was thus, 1) start the car normally with the key, 2)
while the car was running, cut the yellow wire.  That's it.
Supposedly that completely disabled the Passlock system.  I
inadvertently affected that solution when I, to prove to my buddy that
I knew the car would keep running with out the resistance, removed the
connection to the brain-side of the yellow wire.  I proved it then
when, again to prove to my buddy that the car wouldn't start without
the resistance in place, started the car (to my chagrine (sp?))
without the resitance in place and *WITH THE YELLOW WIRE CUT AND NOT
CONNECTED TO ANYTHING* (which means that it could *not* have been
because the ignition switch worked correctly).  I had read several
sites (including the site that Neil had sent me a link to
(http://www.e-z.net/~iei/vatts.htm)) and had seen instances of tying
the bulb-test wire to ground during specific moments of the ignition
sequence, and I had thought that might play a critical role in the
process, however, it did not make any difference in this application
as I have that wire untouched now and the car runs fine.

THE BACKROUND (for those who didn't read the whole post history)
1997 Pontiac Sunfire.  Stars.  Dies moments later.  Snap-On computer
indicates theft system/CMK & CRK (I think those were the codes)
undetected (those are the cam shaft and crank shaft position sensors).
Buddy replaces the computer, no improvement; car starts, dies.  Buddy
replaces the instrument cluster (which houses, at least in part, the
Passlock circuitry to check the resistance of the ignition switch).

THE (hopefully) REPRODUCIBLE PROCESS
Cutting into the *thin* yellow wire on the passenger-side of the
steering column, by the ignition switch (one of three; black, white,
yellow (search online for "bypass passlock I" or "bypass passlock II",
or visit the link that Neil has provided earlier in his post, or
quoted here in mine)) and measuring the resistance between the *cut*
end of the yellow wire on the switch-side to a bare, stripped spot on
the black wire, with the key in the Run position, yielded a particular
resistance.  Mimicing that resistance with resistors and placing it
between the computer/instrument cluster side of the yellow wire and
that bare patch on the black wire by using a relay controlled by the
*thick* yellow crank wire (on the driver's-side of the steering
column) such that the relay inacted the resistance at run, but *not*
crank, caused the vehicle to start properly.  While it was running,
breaking the connection from the yellow (thin) wire to the resistance
*seems* to have caused (corroborating another post online) the system
to permanently bypass the Passlock I system; subsequent starts neither
required the resistance/relay setup, NOR the yellow wire (thin) to be
hooked to *anything*, not even itself.  Opening the instrument cluster
and de-soldering the THEFT LED prevents the LED from staying on
constantly, which it did after this permanent bypass.

THE NAGGING TRUTH
This was all today.  It may fail tomorrow and never start again.  I
hope this helps y'all.  Thanks to all who replied to my question,
especially Neil.

Thank God, it's runnin'.  :)

--HC
=AB Paul =BB - 25 Jun 2004 02:43 GMT
I wonder if it would reset if the battery was removed and capacitors drained?
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 25 Jun 2004 17:16 GMT
"=?x-user-defined?Q?=AB?= Paul =?x-user-defined?Q?=BB?="     <stapy@houston.rr.com> wrote in message news:<40DB82FB.71E67102@houston.rr.com>...
> I wonder if it would reset if the battery was removed and capacitors drained?

Hmmm, if it isn't Captain Killjoy!  <grin>  That's a very very good
point.  I will have my buddy test it.  Damned good thought.  I'll let
y'all know how that turns out.

--HC
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 26 Jun 2004 04:21 GMT
> "=?x-user-defined?Q?=AB?= Paul =?x-user-defined?Q?=BB?="     <stapy@houston.rr.com> wrote in message news:<40DB82FB.71E67102@houston.rr.com>...
> > I wonder if it would reset if the battery was removed and capacitors drained?
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
>
> --HC

I disconnected the battery today (both positive and negative terminals
to be thorough) for 20 minutes.  I then re-connected the battery
terminals and attempted to start the vehicle.  It started and ran
perfectly.  It would *seem* that loss of power did not affect the
bypass.  I suppose a more thorough test/answer would be to disconnect
the battery for a day or more and then to start and kill the engine
repeatedly, over days of testing.  However, this prelimnary and short
test indicate that the solution is a permanent fix.

HTH, and thank you for your suggestion which was very valid and which
I had not even thought of until you mentioned it.

Take care.

--HC
Neil Nelson - 25 Jun 2004 15:21 GMT
<snip>

> THE NAGGING TRUTH
> This was all today.  It may fail tomorrow and never start again.  I
> hope this helps y'all.  Thanks to all who replied to my question,
> especially Neil.
>
> Thank God, it's runnin'.  :)

Hot damn, ya got it!

Post back in a few days and let me know if what you did
effectively neutered the anti-theft for good.
hboothe_no_spam@gte.net - 26 Jun 2004 04:35 GMT
> <snip>
>  
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
> Post back in a few days and let me know if what you did
> effectively neutered the anti-theft for good.

Neil, I posted back about the "disconnect battery" post trying to keep
it in-line for those who will read this in Deja for years to come, and
I'm posting it here, too, for your convenience;  disconnecting the
battery seemed to have *no* effect on the bypass/hack/plunder of the
Passlock I system.  While the time of only 20 minutes of the battery
being disconnected may not be long enough, it *should* have been more
than enough, I would think.  I will be out of town and pocket for the
next few days during which I will have to rely on my buddy's reports
of the effectiveness of the solution.  In all honesty, I think a more
*elegant* solution would have been to wire the relay and resistance
into the circuit and have simply left that there, along with the
functioning Theft LED, but the strain on my time prevented such
elegance.  BUT, for those in need of a simpler solution, the temporary
attachment of the relay and resistance coupled with breaking the
connection to the yellow wire while the car was running, therefore
allowing the complete removal of any resistance/relay/etc. may be the
perfect solution.

In the end, thank God, it runs, I gave some assistance to my buddy who
is the person I always call when I need car questions answered, and
I've passed it on to the Groups.  I feel pretty good.  :)

Y'all take care.

--HC
Dog - 05 Dec 2005 22:21 GMT
My security light started coming on again about a year after paying the
dealership $450 to replace a faulty Ignition lock cylinder. I was at my wit’s
end.  My wife and kids would be stuck at night in some shopping center
parking lot waiting 10 minutes to reset the stupid thing. After reading the
above  thread, I was able to Bypass, disable or Ghetto Hack my passlock II
system on my 2002 Oldsmobile Alero without relays or resistors. I  had my
local Auto wiring tech install a $5 on/off toggle switch into the yellow
(resistance) wire that you are supposed to cut and mount it under my dash in
the event that a dealership tech reset the security “fail- enable” mode or
the battery stayed disconnected for an extended period of time. All I  need
to do is flip a switch to break the circuit again while the car is running.
Here is another thread and some supporting evidence of why this actually
works. The entire job took 25 minutes. If my security light goes out, that’s
when I know that there’s a problem. You could also remove the bulb if the
security light really bothers you. This apparently works for both passlock I
and passlock II. There is an incredible link below  with high resolution
pictures of the wiring for your specific car. I included the actual photos
that I used to access my ignition lock cylinder wiring. Good luck and post
with your success stories! 12/4/05
http://www.the12volt.com/installbay/forum_posts.asp?TID=59694&PN=1&TPN=1

http://www.insurorsservicebureau.com/ISB%20technical/ISB_QA.pdf   page 4,
The PASS Key Module also has the ability to allow engine operation if it
recognizes a system fault in the ignition key reference circuit while the
engine is running. In this case the Module enters and remains in a mode which
allows the engine to be started and run without reading the resistance chip.
This mode requires that the original factory resistance chip key be in the
ignition lock
cylinder at the time the fault occurs. During this mode, the
security light will be ON all the time. When the key reference circuit is
repaired, the module will automatically reprogram itself to the mode
requiring the original resistance chip.

http://www.motorage.com/motorage/data/articlestandard/motorage/292005/169809/art
icle.pdf

page 3,
If the correct key is in the cylinder and that circuit
fails while the engine is running, this is considered a
malfunction, not a theft attempt. The “Security” light
may turn on to warn of a system malfunction, but even if
it doesn’t, a key recognition circuit failure with the proper
key in the lock will cause the TDM to enter what GM
calls a “fail-enable” mode. Essentially, the theft-deterrent
system goes offline and the engine will start and run
with any key that turns the lock.

http://www.directwholesale.net/diagrams/Images.asp?ImageID=84&link=BULLDOG
http://www.directwholesale.net/diagrams/Images.asp?ImageID=87&link=BULLDOG

http://www.bulldogsecurity.com/   and click on vehicle wiring diagrams to
select your particular make.
Dog - 25 Feb 2006 21:07 GMT
Here is the finalized procedure. There is no need to install a remote starter.

PASSLOCK I or II DISABLEMENT

The following is a procedure to disable Passlock I or II Systems for vehicles
in which remote start/stop system installations are required. This procedure
is required because a remote start system will not function with the current
Theft Deterrent System (Passlock) which is included on many  1996 and up GM
vehicles.

Please note that this modification is intended to be used only in conjunction
with the installation of a remote start/stop system and does not provide a
procedure to install a remote start/stop system.

CAUSE
If an attempt is made to start a vehicle by a means other than a key rotation
in the ignition switch, the Body Control Module (BCM) will interpret this
start as a vehicle theft and disable the fuel injectors.

CORRECTION
A minor wiring modification may be made to allow the vehicle to be started
remotely. This modification includes adding a switch to allow the customer to
select “ON” to disable Passlock or “OFF” for normal Passlock operation.

CAUTION: When this modification is performed and the switch is set to the ON
position, the theft deterrent feature will be disabled. When the theft
deterrent is disabled the SECURITY or THEFT telltale will light up indicating
that the theft deterrent system is NOT functioning.

PASSLOCK MODIFICATION
Refer to appropriate GM service manuals and/or SVMQP Electrical Guideline
Manual for instruction on splicing and electrical connections.
1. Select a suitable on-off switch (see note below) which will be used to
disable/
enable the Passlock System. Mount the switch in a location such that it is
accessible to the driver and will not interfere with normal vehicle operation.

NOTE: This is an extremely low current circuit (approx. 7mA), it is therefore
very important that a high quality, low energy, fast acting switch be
utilized
for this application.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position.
3. Locate the Main Ignition Switch Harness in the Column.  GM's Passlock
System wires exit the Ignition Switch Tumbler together and then join with the
Main Ignition Switch Harness.  (See   http://www.bulldogsecurity.com/ or
http://64.85.6.118/diagrams/diagrams.asp  and select your Make, Model and
Year for wire colors and clues on the quickest way to access these wires.)
4. Locate the Yellow Passlock Data Wire which is included in a bundle of
three tiny (20 GA) wires wrapped in friction tape.
Cut this wire and splice a 0.5mm2 (20 GA) yellow wire to each end of the cut
wire.
Keep wire length to a minimum. Route modification wires clear of moving parts.

Connect the yellow wires to the switch such that the contacts are OPEN when
the switch is in the ON position.
5. Turn modification switch to the OFF postion (contacts closed).
6. Start vehicle to verify normal operation. If engine “cranks but will not
start"
recheck the switch position (contacts should be closed), wire connectors and
modification wiring.

SWITCH OPERATION

To enable remote start:
Start the engine with the ignition key (modification switch must be in the
OFF
position). Turn modification switch to the ON position (contacts open). The
SECURITY or THEFT telltale will light up indicating that the Passlock System
is inoperative.
Once the SECURITY or THEFT telltale has been on for at least 5 seconds the
vehicle can be turned off and then remotely started.

To disable remote start:
The Passlock System can be reactivated by turning the modification switch OFF
(contacts closed). Vehicle can either be running or off when this is done.

Please note that the VCM/PCM will record Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
related to the security system when the modification switch is in the ON
position (circuit open). This is due to the way that the VCM/PCM interprets
this condition.

NOTICE
Any condition which removes battery power from the Vehicle Control
Module/Powertrain Control Module (VCM/PCM) (e.g. dead battery, disconnected
harness connectors, etc.) will prevent the vehicle from being restarted. If
the engine exhibits a “cranks but will not start” symptom, place the
modification switch in the OFF (contacts closed) position. This will
reactivate the Passlock System and allow the vehicle to be started with the
ignition key.

Dog
 
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