Hello all. I hail from hot tropical  Singapore. Own a 89'  240 GLE.

Have had cold start problems for 1 year now. Problem gets more acute if car unused for more than 24 hrs.
Symptoms are:
1)Excessive cranking before engine catches > engine very ragged and shaky, can only be stabilised by stepping on throttle .

2) Engine will die off if car stops at say, red light within 5 mins of startup, have to keep foot on pedal to prevent this.

3) After more than 5 mins of driving(when warm?), engine stabilises. No longer dies off. But still a little shaky.

4)Power is ok.

List of components replaced over the past year:

a) fuel injectors and their "0" rings
b) cold starter switch and coolant thermostat
c) external main fuel pump and accumulator (was getting noisy anyway)
d) throttle gasket and rubber bellow (found to be cracked)
e) complete engine top overhaul
f) fuel pressure regulator (replaced 1 month ago when symptoms mentioned above got worse. Engine died off repeatedly.
But upon replacement, problem only improved back to original symptoms mentioned above)
g) Periodic engine tune up and CO level check during servicing.

My local official Volvo agent has given up. Says its just a old car problem. Says that since its bearable, got to live with it.
Symptoms 1 to 4 still exists.

This is a real challenge. Please, can someone help me?